Important signs in clinical practice

1. Chvostek's sign - Clinical sign of existing nerve hyperexcitability (tetany) seen in hypocalcemia. It refers to an abnormal reaction to the stimulation of the facial nerve. 

                                                CHVOSTEK'S SIGN

2. Trousseau sign - A medical sign observed in patients with low calcium. This sign may be positive before other manifestations of hypocalcemia such as hyperreflexia and tetany, as such it is generally believed to be more sensitive (94%) than the Chvostek sign (29%) for hypocalcemia.

                                         TROUSSEAU SIGN

3. Rosenbach's sign - In severe aortic valve regurgitation, Rosenbach's sign is the pulsation of the liver during systole and is caused by the high stroke volume in this disease states. Note that severe tricuspid valve regurgitation also causes hepatic pulsations in systole due to the backward regurgitant volume.

4. Troisier's sign (Virchow's sign) - It is the clinical finding of a hard and enlarged left supraclavicular node (virchow's node). It is considered a sign of metastatic abdominal malignancy. It may indicate gastrointestinal malignancy, commonly of the stomach, or less commonly, lung cancer.

                                                  TROISIER'S SIGN

                        TROISIER'S SIGN